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Tuesday, 30 June 2020

Joseph Cotten

Joseph Cheshire Cotten Jr. (May 15, 1905 – February 6, 1994) was an American film, stage, radio and television actor. Cotten achieved prominence on Broadway, starring in the original stage productions of The Philadelphia Story and Sabrina Fair.

He first gained worldwide fame in three Orson Welles films: Citizen Kane (1941), The Magnificent Ambersons (1942), and Journey into Fear (1943), for which Cotten was also credited with the screenplay. He went on to become one of the leading Hollywood actors of the 1940s, appearing in films such as Shadow of a Doubt (1943), Love Letters (1945), Duel in the Sun (1946), Portrait of Jennie (1948), The Third Man (1949) and Niagara (1953). One of his final films was Michael Cimino's Heaven's Gate (1980).

Early life[edit]

Joseph Cotten modeled for The American Magazine (September 1931)
Cotten in Horse Eats Hat (1936)
Cotten and Edgar Barrier during the shooting of film sequences for the stage production Too Much Johnson (1938)
Cotten and Katharine Hepburn on Broadway in The Philadelphia Story (1939)
Cotten is introduced in the trailer for Citizen Kane (1941)
Cotten and Dolores del Río in Journey into Fear (1943)
George (Shorty) Chirello, Cotten, assistant Eleanor Counts and Orson Welles in The Mercury Wonder Show (1943)
Wedding of Orson Welles and Rita Hayworth, with best man Cotten (September 7, 1943)
Cotten in Shadow of a Doubt (1943)
Members of the Independent Voters Committee of the Arts and Sciences for Roosevelt visit FDR at the White House (October 1944). From left: Van Wyck BrooksHannah DornerJo DavidsonJan Kiepura, Cotten, Dorothy Gish, Dr. Harlow Shapley

Joseph Cotten was born in 1905 in PetersburgVirginia, the first of three boys born for Joseph Cheshire Cotten, Sr., an assistant postmaster, and Sally Willson Cotten.[2]:224 He grew up in the Tidewater region and showed an aptitude for drama and a gift for storytelling.

In 1923, when Cotten was 18, his family arranged for him to receive private lessons at the Hickman School of Expression in Washington, D.C., and underwrote his expenses.[3]

Career[edit]

Cotten earned spending money playing professional football on Sundays, for $25 a quarter. After graduation, he earned enough money as a lifeguard at Wilcox Lake to pay back his family's loan, with interest.[2]:4–7

He moved to Miami in 1925 and worked as an advertising salesman for The Miami Herald at $35 a week. He started performing at the Miami Civic Theatre, and worked there for five years, also reviewing the shows for the Herald.[3]

Broadway[edit]

Cotten moved to New York and went to work for David Belasco as an assistant stage manager. He understudied Melvyn Douglas in Tonight or Never then took over Douglas' role for the Copley Theatre in Boston, where he worked on over 30 plays.[4]

Cotten struggled to find work in the depression so turned to modeling and acting in industrial films. He also performed on radio. Cotten made his Broadway debut in 1932 in Absent Friends which ran for 88 performances.[5]

He followed it with Jezebel (1933), staged by Katherine Cornell and Guthrie McClintic, which only had a short run.[6]

He was in Loose Moments which ran for 8 performances.[7]

Orson Welles[edit]

In 1934, Cotten met and became friends with Orson Welles, a fellow cast member on CBS Radio's The American School of the Air.[2]:30–31 Welles regarded Cotten as a brilliant comic actor,[8]:166 and gave him the starring role in his Federal Theatre Project farce, Horse Eats Hat[2]:34[9] (September 26 – December 5, 1936).[10]:334 Cotten was sure that Horse Eats Hat won him the notice of his future Broadway co-star, Katharine Hepburn.[2]:34

Cotten said Welles later told him "You're very lucky to be tall and thin and have curly hair. You can also move about the stage without running into the furniture. But these are fringe assets, and I'm afraid you'll never make it as an actor. But as a star, I think you well might hit the jackpot." [11]

In 1937, Cotten became an inaugural member of Welles's Mercury Theatre company, starring in its Broadway productions Caesar as Publius; it ran for 157 performances.

He followed it with The Shoemaker's Holiday (1938) and Danton's Death (1938) for Welles. Cotten also performed in radio dramas presented on The Mercury Theatre on the Air and The Campbell Playhouse.

Cotten made his film debut in the Welles-directed short, Too Much Johnson, a comedy that was intended to complement the aborted 1938 Mercury stage production of William Gillette's 1890 play. The film was never screened in public and was lost until 2013.[12]

The Philadelphia Story[edit]

Cotten returned to Broadway in 1939, creating the role of C. K. Dexter Haven opposite Katharine Hepburn's Tracy Lord in the original production of Philip Barry's The Philadelphia Story. The play ran for 417 performances at the Shubert Theatre, and in the months before its extensive national tour a film version was to be made by MGM. Cotten went to Hollywood, but discovered there that his stage success in The Philadelphia Story translated to, in the words of his agent Leland Hayward, "spending a solid year creating the Cary Grant role." Hayward suggested that they call Cotten's good pal, Orson Welles. "He's been making big waves out here," Hayward said. "Maybe nobody in Hollywood ever heard of the Shubert Theatre in New York, but everybody certainly knows about the Mercury Theatre in New York."[2]:34–37

Citizen Kane[edit]

After the success of Welles's War of the Worlds 1938 Halloween radio broadcast, Welles gained a unique contract with RKO Pictures. The two-picture deal promised full creative control for the young director below an agreed budget limit, and Welles's intention was to feature the Mercury Players in his productions. Shooting had still not begun on a Welles film after a year, but after a meeting with writer Herman J. Mankiewicz Welles had a suitable project.

In mid-1940, filming began on Citizen Kane, portraying the life of a press magnate (played by Welles) who starts out as an idealist but eventually turns into a corrupt, lonely old man. The film featured Cotten prominently in the role of Kane's best friend Jedediah Leland, eventually a drama critic for one of Kane's papers.

When released on May 1, 1941, Citizen Kane — based in part on the life of William Randolph Hearst — did not do much business at theaters; Hearst owned numerous major newspapers, and forbade them to carry advertisements for the film. Nominated for nine Academy Awards in 1942, the film won only for Best Screenplay, for Mankiewicz and Welles. Citizen Kane launched the film careers of the Mercury Players, including Agnes Moorehead (who played Kane's mother), Ruth Warrick (Kane's first wife), and Ray Collins (Kane's political opponent). However, Cotten was the only one of the four to find major success as a lead in Hollywood outside of Citizen Kane; Moorehead and Collins became successful character film actors and Warrick spent decades in a career in daytime television.

Alexander Korda then hired Cotten to play Merle Oberon's leading man in Lydia (1941). "I didn't care about the movies, really," Cotten said later. "I was tall. I had curly hair. I could talk. It was easy to do."[3]

The Magnificent Ambersons and Journey Into Fear[edit]

Cotten starred in Welles's adaptation and production of The Magnificent Ambersons (1942). After the commercial disappointment of Citizen Kane, RKO was apprehensive about the new film, and after poor preview responses, cut it by nearly an hour before its release. Though at points the film appeared disjointed, it was well received by critics. Despite the critical accolades Cotten received for his performance, he was again snubbed by the Academy.

Cotten was cast in the Nazi-related thriller Journey into Fear (1943) based on the novel by Eric Ambler. It was originally scripted by Ben Hecht but Welles, who was supervising, disliked it, and he rewrote it with Cotten.[13] Released by RKO, the Mercury production was directed by Norman Foster. It was a collaborative effort due to the difficulties shooting the film and the pressures related to Welles's imminent departure to South America to begin work on It's All True.[10]:165, 377[14]

Alfred Hitchcock hired Cotten to play a charming serial killer in Shadow of a Doubt (1943). It was made for Universal Pictures, who for whom Cotten then appeared in Hers to Hold (1943), as Deanna Durbin's leading man.

After Welles's return he and Cotten co-produced The Mercury Wonder Show for members of the U.S. armed services. Opening August 3, 1943, the all-star magic and variety show was presented in a tent at 9000 Cahuenga Boulevard in Hollywood. Featured were Welles (Orson the Magnificent), Cotten (Jo-Jo the Great), Rita Hayworth (forced to quit by Columbia Pictures boss Harry Cohn and replaced by Marlene Dietrich), Agnes Moorehead (Calliope Aggie) and others. Tickets were free to servicemen, and more than 48,000 of them had seen show by September 1943.[10]:177, 377–378

David O. Selznick[edit]

In late 1943, Cotten visited Welles's office and said that producer David O. Selznick wanted to make two or three films with him, but that he wanted him under his own contract. Welles then tore up Cotten's contract with Mercury Productions, saying, "He can do more for you than I can. Good luck!"[15]:186 Cotten signed a long term deal with Selznick.

Selznick loaned out Cotten and Ingrid Bergman to MGM for the thriller Gaslight (1944) which was a major hit. Selznick then put Cotten in a wartime drama Since You Went Away (1944) alongside Claudette ColbertJennifer Jones and Shirley Temple; it was another major success.[16]

Selznick followed this up by teaming Cotten with Ginger Rogers and Temple in I'll Be Seeing You (1945), another melodrama. Hal Wallis borrowed Cotten and Jones to make Love Letters (1945). Exhibitors voted him the 17th most popular star in the United States in 1945.[17]

Selznick used Cotten, Jennifer Jones and Gregory Peck in Duel in the Sun (1946), an epic Western that was hugely popular at the box office.

Dore Schary, who had worked for Selznick, went to run RKO and hired Cotten for The Farmer's Daughter (1947), where he was Loretta Young's leading man. Cotten then made Portrait of Jennie (1948) for Selznick, co starring with Jones; Cotten played a melancholy artist who becomes obsessed with a girl who might have died many years before. His performance won Cotten the International Prize for Best Actor at the 1949 Venice International Film Festival.[18]

The Third Man[edit]

Cotten was reunited with Welles in The Third Man (1949), produced by Korda and Selznick. Cotten portrays a writer of pulp fiction who travels to postwar Vienna to meet his friend Harry Lime (Welles). When he arrives, he is told that Lime has died. Determined to prove to the police that his friend was murdered, he uncovers an even darker secret.

(Welles and Cotten remained close friends until Welles's death in 1985. According to Welles, Cotten was always uncomfortable as a leading man and preferred to play supporting or character roles.[19])

Cotten then reunited with Hitchcock and Ingrid Bergman in Under Capricorn (1949) as an Australian landowner with a shady past; it was a box office disappointment. So too was Beyond the Forest (1949) with Bette Davis at Warner Bros.[20][21]

Cotten co-starred with Joan Fontaine in September Affair (1950) for Hal Wallis. Selznick loaned him to 20th Century Fox for the dark Civil War Western Two Flags West (1950), then to RKO for Walk Softly, Stranger (1950, shot in 1948) which reunited him with Alida Valli from The Third Man. It was a huge flop.[22]

At Fox he did Half Angel (1951) with Young, then did another with Wallis at Paramount, Peking Express (1951) and went to MGM for The Man with a Cloak (1951) with Barbara Stanwyck. He had a cameo in Welles' Othello (1951).[23]

Cotten did a Western at Universal, Untamed Frontier (1953), during the filming of which he was injured.[24] He did a thriller for Andrew L. StoneThe Steel Trap (1952), which reunited with Teresa Wright from Shadow of a Doubt.[25]

At Fox he was in the Marilyn Monroe vehicle Niagara (1953), after James Mason turned down the role. He narrated Egypt by Three (1953) and was reunited with Stone in A Blueprint for Murder (1953).

Sabrina Fair and television[edit]

On the stage in 1953, Cotten created the role of Linus Larrabee, Jr., in the original Broadway production of Sabrina Fair, opposite Margaret Sullavan. The production ran November 11, 1953 – August 21, 1954, and was the basis of the Billy Wilder film Sabrina, which starred Humphrey Bogart and Audrey Hepburn.[26] He and Sullivan did a TV production of State of the Union for Producers' Showcase directed by Arthur Penn.

Cotten made Special Delivery (1955) in West Germany, did a TV adaptation of Broadway for The Best of Broadway (1955) directed by Franklin J. Schaffner. He appeared in episodes of Celebrity PlayhouseThe Ford Television TheatreStar StageAlfred Hitchcock Presents (several times) and General Electric Theater.[27]

In 1955 Cotten hosted The 20th Century Fox Hour on television.[28]

In 1956, Cotten starred in the NBC anthology series On Trial[29] (renamed at mid-season The Joseph Cotten Show). It ran for 41 episodes.[28]

He returned to features with The Bottom of the Bottle (1956), The Killer Is Loose (1957) and The Halliday Brand (1957).

He guest starred on Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside TheatreTelephone TimePlayhouse 90Schlitz PlayhouseZane Grey TheaterSuspicion, and Westinghouse Desilu Playhouse. He made a cameo appearance in Welles'sTouch of Evil (1958) and a starring role in the film adaptation of Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon (also 1958).

Cotten had another success on Broadway when he appeared in Once More, With Feeling (1958–60) which ran for 263 performances.[30] For the third time Cotten was in a Broadway hit but did not reprise his role in the film version – Yul Brynner did.

1960s[edit]

Cotten and Patricia Medina in 1973

In 1960, Cotten married British actress Patricia Medina after his first wife, Lenore Kipp, died of leukemia earlier in the year.[31][32]

Cotten had a supporting role in the films The Angel Wore Red (1960) and The Last Sunset (1961), the latter directed by Robert Aldrich, and guest starred on The DuPont Show with June AllysonCheckmateThe Barbara Stanwyck ShowBus StopTheatre '62 (an adaptation of Notorious), Dr. KildareWagon Train, and Saints and Sinners.

Cotten returned to Broadway to appear in Calculated Risk (1962–63), which ran for 221 performances and meant he had to turn down a role in a film Harrigan's Halo.[33][34] He guest starred on The Great Adventure, and 77 Sunset Strip, and did the pilot Alexander the Great (1963).[35]

After some time away from film, Cotten returned in the horror classic Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte (1964) for Aldrich, with Bette DavisOlivia de Havilland and Agnes Moorehead.

Final leading man roles[edit]

Cotten was top billed in The Great Sioux Massacre (1965) and The Tramplers (1965), but back to support parts for The Money Trap (1965) and The Oscar (1966). He was top billed in Brighty of the Grand Canyon (1966), directed by Foster, The Cruel Ones (1967), Some May Live (1967) and Gangsters '70 (1968).[36]

He guest starred on Cimarron StripIronside, and Journey to the Unknown and had a support role in Jack of Diamonds (1967). He had the lead in White Comanche (1968) and Latitude Zero (1969) (shot in Japan with his wife) and supported in the TV movies The Lonely Profession (1969), Cutter's Trail (1970).[37]

1970s[edit]

Cotten was in The Name of the GameIt Takes a ThiefNET PlayhouseThe Grasshopper (1970), Tora! Tora! Tora!The VirginianAssault on the Wayne (1971), Do You Take This Stranger? (1971), City Beneath the Sea (1971), The Abominable Dr. Phibes (1971), Lady Frankenstein (1971), and The Screaming Woman (1972) with de Havilland.[38]

He had lead roles in Doomsday Voyage (1972), Baron Blood (1972), and The Scopone Game (1973) and was in The Devil's Daughter (1973),[39] The Streets of San FranciscoSoylent Green (1973), A Delicate Balance (1973), The Rockford FilesSyndicate Sadists (1975), The Timber Tramps (1975), The Lindbergh Kidnapping Case (1976), A Whisper in the Dark (1976), Origins of the Mafia (1976), Twilight's Last Gleaming (1977) for Aldrich, Airport '77Aspen (1977), The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew MysteriesLast In, First Out (1978), Caravans (1978), Indagine su un delitto perfetto (1978), Screamers (1979), Concorde Affaire '79 (1979), Guyana: Cult of the Damned (1979), Churchill and the Generals (1979), Tales of the Unexpected and Fantasy Island.[40][41]

"I was in a lot of junk," he admitted later. "I get nervous when I don't work."[42]

Final roles[edit]

Cotten's final performances included The Hearse (1980), Casino (1980), Heaven's Gate (1980), The Love Boat (1981), The Survivor (1981), shot in Australia, and Delusion (1981). Cotten suffered a stroke in 1981 which caused him to temporarily lose his voice.[43]

Personal life[edit]

Joseph Cotten married Patricia Medina on October 20, 1960, in Beverly Hills at the home of David O. Selznick and Jennifer Jones.[44][45] There were no children of the marriage.

Illness and death[edit]

On June 8, 1981, Cotten experienced a heart attack followed by a stroke that affected his brain's speech center. He began years of therapy which in time made it possible for him to speak again. As he began to recover, he and Orson Welles talked on the phone each week for a couple of hours. "He was strong and supportive," Cotten wrote, "and whenever I used the wrong word (which was frequently) he would say, 'That's a much better word, Jo, I'm going to use it.'" He and Welles would meet for lunch and reminisce. When Cotten announced he had written a book, Welles asked for the manuscript and read it that night.[2]:215–217

In a phone conversation on October 9, 1985, Welles told his friend and mentor Roger Hill that Cotten had written a book, and Hill asked how it read. "Gentle, witty, and self-effacing, just like Jo," Welles replied. "My only complaint is that it's too brief."[46] Welles died the following day. "Somewhere among his possessions is a manuscript of this book," Cotten wrote on the last page of his autobiography, published in 1987 under the title Vanity Will Get You Somewhere.[2]:217[47][42]

In 1990, Cotten's larynx was removed due to cancer.[1] He died on February 6, 1994, of pneumonia, at the age of 88.[31] He was buried at Blandford Cemetery in PetersburgVirginia.[48]

Accolades[edit]

At the 10th Venice International Film Festival, Cotten was given the Volpi Cup for Best Actor for his performance in the film Portrait of Jennie (1948). He was also given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.

Cultural references[edit]

Cotten was portrayed by Tim Robbins in the 1985 TV film Malice in WonderlandJames Tupper in the film Me and Orson Welles (2008)[49] and by Matthew Glave in the television series Feud (2017), which depicts the filming of Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte.

Theatre credits[edit]

DateTitleRoleNotes
October 17, 1932 – January 1933Absent FatherLarryVanderbilt Theatre, New York[50]
December 19, 1933 – January 1934JezebelDick AshleyEthel Barrymore Theatre, New York[50]
February 4 – 1934Loose MomentsRalph MerkesVanderbilt Theatre, New York[50]
September 26 – December 5, 1936Horse Eats HatFreddyMaxine Elliott Theatre, New York[10]:334
January 8 – April 1, 1937Faustus2nd ScholarMaxine Elliott Theatre, New York[10]:335–336
April 21–23, 1937The Second HurricaneAirplane pilot[51]:33Henry Street Settlement, New York City[10]:337
November 11, 1937 – May 28, 1938CaesarPubliusMercury Theatre, New York[10]:339–340
Moved to the larger National Theatre January 24, 1938[10]:341[52]
December 25, 1937The Shoemaker's HolidayRowland LacyMercury Theatre, New York
Surprise preview performance immediately following Caesar[53]:332
January 1 – April 28, 1938The Shoemaker's HolidayRowland LacyMercury Theatre, New York
Moved to the National Theatre January 26, 1938[10]:341
August 16–29, 1938Too Much JohnsonAugustus BillingsStony Creek TheatreStony Creek, Connecticut[54][55]:50–51, 152–153
November 2–19, 1938Danton's DeathBarrereMercury Theatre, New York[56][57]
March 28, 1939 – March 30, 1940The Philadelphia StoryC. K. Dexter HavenShubert Theatre, New York[50]
November 11, 1953 – August 21, 1954Sabrina FairLinus Larrabee, Jr.National Theatre, New York
Moved to the Royale Theatre May 17, 1954[50]
October 21, 1958 – June 6, 1959Once More With FeelingVictor FabianNational Theatre, New York
[50]

Radio credits[edit]

DateTitleRoleNotes
1934The American School of the AirRepertory cast[10]:331
July 14 – September 22, 1935America's HourRepertory cast[58]:30
1935Farm TenancyResettlement Administration drama[59][60]
November 14, 1936Columbia Workshop"Hamlet"[61]
May 9, 1937The Second HurricaneAirplane pilotOne-hour broadcast on CBS Radio[51]:34
September 5, 1938The Mercury Theatre on the AirDr. Bull"The Man Who Was Thursday"[10]:345[62]:50
October 9, 1938The Mercury Theatre on the Air"Hell on Ice"[10]:346[63]
October 16, 1938The Mercury Theatre on the AirGenesis"Seventeen"[10]:346[62]:52
December 3, 1938The Campbell PlayhouseFred"A Christmas Carol"[10]:348[62]:53[64][65]
January 6, 1939The Campbell Playhouse"Counsellor-at-Law"[10]:348[64][65]
January 13, 1939The Campbell PlayhouseFletcher Christian"Mutiny on the Bounty"[10]:349[64][65]
January 20, 1939The Campbell Playhouse"The Chicken Wagon Family"[10]:349
January 27, 1939The Campbell PlayhouseRiley"I Lost My Girlish Laughter"[62]:53[64][65]
September 17, 1939The Campbell Playhouse"Ah, Wilderness!"[10]:354[64][65]
October 22, 1939The Campbell PlayhouseThe Cashier"Liliom"[62]:58[64][65]
1939–40The Career of Alice BlairMale lead[58]:138–139[66]
February 11, 1940The Campbell Playhouse"Mr. Deeds Goes to Town"[62]:61[64][65]
September 22, 1941Lux Radio TheatreMichael Fitzpatrick"Lydia"[67]
October 6, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:367
October 13, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:367[68]
October 20, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:367
November 10, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:367
December 1, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:368
December 7, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:368
December 22, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:368
December 29, 1941The Orson Welles Show[10]:368
March 22, 1942The Silver TheatreJim Emerson"Only Yesterday"[69]
November 23, 1942Ceiling Unlimited"The Navigator"[10]:375
December 21, 1942Ceiling Unlimited"Gremlins"[10]:374[70][71]
December 28, 1942Ceiling Unlimited"Pan American Airlines"[71]
January 17, 1943Hello Americans"Feed the World"[10]:376[72]
February 1, 1943Cavalcade of America"To the Shores of Tripoli"[73][74]
May 24, 1943The Screen Guild TheaterUncle Charlie"Shadow of a Doubt"[75][76]
June 28, 1943Lux Radio Theatre"The Great Man's Lady"[67]
August 8, 1943 – April 30, 1944America — Ceiling UnlimitedHostWeekly half-hour variety series[71][77][78]
December 6, 1943The Screen Guild TheaterJim Emerson"Only Yesterday"[75][76]
March 23, 1944Suspense"Sneak Preview"[79][80][81]
May 8, 1944Lux Radio TheatreRoger Adams"Penny Serenade"[67]
June 5, 1944Cavalcade of America"Treason"[73][74]
September 14, 1944Suspense"You'll Never See Me Again"[79][81]
November 6, 1944Democratic National Committee ProgramElection-eve political broadcast[82][83]
November 13, 1944The Screen Guild TheaterJohnny Case"Holiday"[75][76]
November 26, 1944The Harold Lloyd Comedy Theatre"Clarence"[84]
February 1, 1945Suspense"The Most Dangerous Game"[79][81]
February 6, 1945A Date with JudyGuest"The Strange Case of Joseph Cotten"[85]
April 30, 1945The Screen Guild TheaterAlessandro"Ramona"[75][76]
June 4, 1945Lux Radio TheatreHolger Brandt"Intermezzo"[67]
June 15, 1945Weapon for Tomorrow"Freedom of Information"[86]
September 18, 1945Theater of RomanceNathan Hale"One Life to Lose"[87]
September 20, 1945The Birdseye Open HouseGuest[88]
September 27, 1945Suspense"The Earth Is Made of Glass"[79][81]
October 11, 1945Suspense"Beyond Good and Evil"[79][81]
November 26, 1945The Screen Guild TheaterRichard Kurt"Biography of a Bachelor Girl"[75][76]
December 24, 1945Lux Radio TheatreZachary Morgan"I'll Be Seeing You"[67]
January 17, 1946Suspense"The Pasteboard Box"[79][81]
February 10, 1946The Radio Reader's Digest"Ultimate Security"[89]
April 22, 1946Lux Radio TheatreAlan Quinton"Love Letters"[67]
May 2, 1946Suspense"Crime Without Passion"[79][81]
July 24, 1946Academy Award Theatre"Foreign Correspondent"[90][91]
September 11, 1946Academy Award Theatre"Shadow of a Doubt"[90][91]
September 24, 1946The Cresta Blanca Hollywood PlayersLou Gehrig"The Pride of the Yankees"[92]
October 1, 1946The Cresta Blanca Hollywood PlayersMax de Winter"Rebecca"[92]
November 4, 1946Lux Radio Theatre"I've Always Loved You"[67][93]
December 5, 1946The Radio Reader's Digest"The Hard-Boiled Reporter and the Miracle"[89]
December 16, 1946The Screen Guild TheaterMichael"This Love of Ours"[75][76][94]
December 19, 1946Suspense"The Thing in the Window"[79][81]
December 25, 1946The Cresta Blanca Hollywood Players"All Through the House"[92]
January 27, 1947The Screen Guild Theater"Swell Guy"[75]
March 5, 1947The Eagle's BroodDocumentary on juvenile delinquency[95][96]
May 15, 1947The Radio Reader's Digest"Halfway to Reno"[89]
May 19, 1947Cavalcade of America"Witness by Moonlight"[73][74]
September 15, 1947Lux Radio TheatreNicholas"The Seventh Veil"[67]
October 26, 1947Hollywood Fights Back[97]
January 5, 1948Lux Radio TheatreGlenn Morley"The Farmer's Daughter"[67][98]
January 26, 1948Lux Radio TheatreDevlin"Notorious"[67][98]
February 12, 1948The Radio Reader's Digest"The Baron of Arizona"[89]
March 8, 1948Lux Radio TheatreJohn Ballantyne"Spellbound"[67][98]
April 11, 1948The Eternal Light"The Man Who Remembered Lincoln"[99]
June 21, 1948The Screen Guild TheaterUncle Charlie"Shadow of a Doubt"[76][100]
May 9, 1949Lux Radio TheatreAnthony Keane"The Paradine Case"[67]
May 15, 1949The Prudential Family Hour of Stars"Breakdown"[101]
June 30, 1949Suspense"The Day I Died"[79][81]
October 24, 1946Screen Directors PlayhouseAlan Quinton"Love Letters"[102]
October 31, 1949Lux Radio TheatreEben Adams"Portrait of Jennie"[67]
March 10, 1950Screen Directors PlayhouseEben Adams"Portrait of Jennie"[102]
March 15, 1950Family Theater"Germelshausen"[103]
March 30, 1950Suspense"Blood Sacrifice"[79][81]
June 11, 1950Guest Star"Portrait of a Small Gentleman"[104]
September 28, 1950Suspense"Fly by Night"[79][81]
October 9, 1950Hollywood Star Playhouse"Of Night and the River"[105][106]
November 30, 1950Screen Directors Playhouse"Mrs. Mike"[102]
January 2, 1951Cavalcade of America"An American from France"[73][74]
January 7, 1951Theatre Guild on the AirHolly Martins"The Third Man"[107][108]
January 25, 1951Screen Directors Playhouse"Spellbound"[102]
February 15, 1951Hallmark Playhouse"A Man for All Ages"[109]
April 9, 1951Lux Radio TheatreHolly Martins"The Third Man"[67][110]
September 30, 1951Theatre Guild on the Air"Main Street"[111]
October 2, 1951Philip Morris Playhouse on Broadway"Angel Street"[112]
October 18, 1951Hallmark Playhouse"Cashel Byron's Profession"[109]
November 5, 1951Suspense"The Trials of Thomas Shaw"[113]
January 24, 1952Stars in the Air"Enchantment"[114]
January 28, 1952Suspense"Carnival"[79][81]
January 31, 1952Hallmark Playhouse"Westward Ho"[109]
March 6, 1952Hallmark Playhouse"Man Without a Home"[109]
March 10, 1952Suspense"A Watery Grave"[79][81][115]
March 16, 1952Philip Morris Playhouse on Broadway"In a Lonely Place"[112][115][116]
March 27, 1952The Screen Guild Theater"Night Must Fall"[117]
September 7, 1952Hollywood Star Playhouse"The Tenth Planet"[105][106]
September 14, 1952Theatre Guild On the Air"The Wisteria Tree"[107]
October 12, 1952Hallmark Playhouse"Young Mr. Disraeli"[109]
December 22, 1952Suspense"Arctic Rescue"[79][81][118]
December 28, 1952Hallmark Playhouse"A Man Called Peter"[109][119]
January 11, 1953Theatre Guild On the Air"Jane"[107]
January 14, 1953Philip Morris Playhouse on Broadway"Hold Back the Dawn"[112][120]
January 18, 1953Theatre Guild on the Air"Trial by Forgery"[111][120]
January 26, 1953Lux Radio TheatreDavid Lawrence"September Affair"[67]
March 1, 1953The Bakers' Theater of Stars"The Mango Tree"[121][122]
March 30, 1953Suspense"Tom Dooley"[79][81]
June 16, 1953The Martin and Lewis ShowGuest[123]
July 6, 1953Lux Radio TheatreJim Warlock"Cynara"[67][124]
August 3, 1953Lux Radio Theatre"Romance to a Degree"[67]
August 26, 1953Philip Morris Playhouse on Broadway"Love Letters"[112]
September 14, 1953Lux Radio TheatreJim Osborne"The Steel Trap"[67]
October 14, 1953Radio PlayhouseNarrator"Routine Assignment"[125]
October 24, 1953The Grand AllianceUnited Nations Day broadcast[126]
May 15, 1954Salute to Eugene O'NeillNarratorAll-star benefit for cerebral palsy[127]
December 15, 1957Suspense"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge"[79][81]
August 2, 1959Suspense"Red Cloud Mesa"[79][81]

Complete film credits[edit]

YearTitleRoleNotes
1937Seeing the World: Part One – A Visit to New York, N.Y.Short
1938Too Much JohnsonAugustus Billings[128]
1940Citizen Kane trailerHimself, Jedediah "Jed" LelandShort[10]:360
1941Citizen KaneJed Leland / Screening Room Reporter[129]
1941LydiaMichael Fitzpatrick[129]
1942The Magnificent AmbersonsEugene Morgan[129]
1943Journey into FearHoward GrahamScreenplay (with uncredited Orson Welles)[129]
1943Shadow of a DoubtUncle Charles Oakley[129]
1943Hers to HoldBill Morley[129]
1944GaslightBrian Cameron[129]
1944Since You Went AwayLieutenant Tony Willett[129]
1944I'll Be Seeing YouZachary Morgan[129]
1945Love LettersAlan Quinton[129]
1946Duel in the SunJesse McCanles[129]
1947The Farmer's DaughterGlenn Morley[129]
1948Portrait of JennieEben AdamsVenice Film Festival Award for Best Actor[129]
1949The Third ManHolly Martins[129]
1949Under CapricornSam Flusky[129]
1949Beyond the ForestDr. Lewis Moline[129]
1950September AffairDavid Lawrence[129]
1950Two Flags WestCol. Clay Tucker[129]
1950Walk Softly, StrangerChris HaleShot in 1948[129]
1951Half AngelJohn Raymond, Jr.[129]
1951Peking ExpressMichael Bachlin[129]
1951OthelloVenetian senatorUncredited[129]
1951The Man with a CloakDupin[129]
1952The Wild HeartNarrator[129]
1952Untamed FrontierKirk Denbow[129]
1952The Steel TrapJames Osborne[129]
1953NiagaraGeorge Loomis[129]
1953Egypt by ThreeNarrator
1953A Blueprint for MurderWhitney Cameron[129]
1955Special DeliveryJohn Adams[129]
1955BedevilledFlight announcer at the airportVoice, Uncredited
1956The Bottom of the BottleP.M. Martin[129]
1956The Killer Is LooseDetective Sam Wagner[129]
1957The Halliday BrandDaniel Halliday[129]
1958Touch of EvilCoronerUncredited[129]
1958From the Earth to the MoonVictor Barbicane[129]
1960The Angel Wore RedHawthorne[129]
1961The Last SunsetJohn Breckenridge[129]
1963Alexander the GreatAntigonusTV movie
1964Hush...Hush, Sweet CharlotteDr. Drew Bayliss[129]
1965The Great Sioux MassacreMajor Reno[129]
1965The Money TrapDr. Horace Van Tilden[129]
1965The TramplersTemple Cordeen[129]
1966The OscarKenneth H. Regan[129]
1966Brighty of the Grand CanyonJim Owen[129]
1967The HellbendersCol. Jonas[129]
1967Some May LiveCol. Woodward
1967Jack of DiamondsAce of Diamonds[129]
1968Days of FireDestil
1968PetuliaMr. Danner[129]
1968White ComancheSheriff Logan
1969The Lonely ProfessionMartin BannisterTV movie
1969Latitude Zero (film)
1969Keene
1970Cutter's TrailGeneral SpaldingTV movie; failed series pilot
1970The GrasshopperRichard Morgan[129]
1970Tora! Tora! Tora!Henry L. Stimson[129]
1971Assault on the WayneAdmiralTV movie
1971Do You Take This Stranger?Dr. Robert CarsonTV movie
1971City Beneath the SeaDr. ZieglerTV movie
1971Journey to MurderJeff WheelerTwo 1968 episodes from the UK anthology TV series Journey to the Unknown
1971The Abominable Dr. PhibesDr. Vesalius[129]
1971Lady FrankensteinDr. Frankenstein
1972The Screaming WomanGeorge TresvantTV movie
1972Doomsday VoyageCaptain Jason[129]
1972Baron BloodBaron Otto von Kleist / Alfred Becker
1972The Scientific CardplayerGeorge
1973The Devil's DaughterJudge WeatherbyTV movie
1973Soylent GreenWilliam R. Simonson[129]
1973F for FakeSpecial Participant
1973A Delicate BalanceHarry[129]
1975Syndicate SadistsPaternò
1975Timber TrampsGreedy sawmill mogul
1976The Lindbergh Kidnapping CaseDr. Joseph Francis CondonTV movie
1976A Whisper in the DarkThe Professor
1976Freedom IsVoiceTV movie
1977Twilight's Last GleamingSecretary of State Arthur Renfrew[129]
1977Airport '77Nicholas St. Downs III[129]
1977AspenHorton PaineTV movie
1978Last In, First OutFoster Johnson
1978CaravansAmbassador Crandall[129]
1978The Perfect CrimeSir Arthur Dundee
1979Island of the FishmenProf. Ernest Marvin
1979The Concorde AffairMilland
1979Guyana: Crime of the CenturyRichard Gable
1979Churchill and the GeneralsGeneral George MarshallTV movie
1980The HearseWalter Pritchard[129]
1980CasinoEd BookerTV movie
1980Heaven's GateThe Reverend Doctor[129]
1980DelusionIvar Langrock
1981The SurvivorPriest(final film role)

Television credits[edit]

TV movies are listed in the film credits section.
YearSeries/MiniseriesRoleEpisode(s)
1954Producers' ShowcaseGrant Matthews"State of the Union"
1954General Electric TheaterHanley"The High Green Wall"
1955The Best of BroadwayDan McCorn"Broadway"
1955Celebrity PlayhouseMarshal Fenton Lockhart"Showdown at San Pablo"
1955Alfred Hitchcock PresentsWilliam Callew"Breakdown"
1955–1956Star StageNarrator
Alexander Holmes
"The Man in the Black Robe"
"The U.S. vs. Alexander Holmes"
1956The Ford Television TheatreJohn Ashburn"Man Without a Fear"
1956General Electric TheaterCaptain
Private Harris
"H.M.S. Marlborough Will Enter Port"
"The Enemies"
1956–1959The Joseph Cotten ShowVarious roles
1957Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside TheaterBruce Malone"Contact"
1957Telephone TimeLt. Cmdr. Joseph P. Fyffe"The Man the Navy Couldn't Sink"
1957Playhouse 90Robert Rainey"The Edge of Innocence"
1957Schlitz Playhouse"Neighbors"
1958Zane Grey TheatreBen Harper"Man Unforgiving"
1958SuspicionGregg Carey"The Eye of Truth"
1958Alfred Hitchcock PresentsTony Gould"Together"
1959Westinghouse Desilu PlayhouseBlack McSween"The Day the Town Stood Up"
1959Alfred Hitchcock PresentsCourtney Masterson"Dead Weight"
1960The DuPont Show with June AllysonDick Burlingame
Charles Lawrence
"The Blue Goose"
"Dark Fear"
1960CheckmateDr. George Mallinson"Face in the Window"
1961The Barbara Stanwyck ShowMac McClay"The Hitch-Hiker"
1961Bus StopProfessor Wheelright"Cherie"
1961Theatre '62Alex Sebastian"Notorious"
1961Wagon TrainCaptain Dan Brady"The Captain Dan Brady Story"
1962Dr. KildareCharles Ladovan"The Administrator"
1962Saints and SinnersPreston Cooper"The Man on the Rim"
1961Wagon TrainJohn Augustus"The John Augustus Story"
1963The Great AdventureCaptain Meehan"The Death of Sitting Bull"
"The Massacre at Wounded Knee"
196377 Sunset StripArnold Buhler"By His Own Verdict"
1963–1964Hollywood and the StarsNarrator31 episodes
1967Cimarron StripNathan Tio"The Search"
1968IronsideDr. Benjamin Stern"Split Second to an Epitaph"
1968It Takes a ThiefCol. Heinrich"Hans Across the Border"[130]
1968Journey to the Unknown"Do Me a Favour and Kill Me" (UK)[131]
1969Latitude ZeroCapt. Craig McKenzie[129]
1969–1970It Takes a ThiefMr. Jack"To Lure a Man"
"To Sing a Song of Murder"
"Beyond a Reasonable Doubt"[132]
1970The Name of the GameHenry Worthington Rayner"The King of Denmark"
1970The VirginianJudge Will McMasters
Judge Hobbs
"A Time of Terror"
"Gun Quest"
1971NET PlayhouseNarrator"Trail of Tears"
1973The Streets of San FranciscoJohn R. James"A Collection of Eagles"
1974The Rockford FilesWarner Jameson"This Case is Closed"
1976Origins of the MafiaThe EnvoyMiniseries; "Gli antenati"
1978The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew MysteriesWeldon Rathbone"Arson and Old Lace"
1978Fantasy IslandSimon Grant"Return to Fantasy Island"
1979Fantasy IslandThomas Cummings"The Wedding"
1979–1980Tales of the UnexpectedEdward
Lionel
"Edward the Conqueror"
"Depart in Peace"
1981The Love BoatCol. van Ryker"The Duel"
Two for Julie"
"Aunt Hilly"

References[edit]

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Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

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