How To Get Rich In 2018

The reason I created this post on how to get rich in 2018 is due to the huge demand I find people trying to make money.

Online advertising, also called online marketing or Internet advertising or web advertising, is a form of marketing and advertising which uses the Internet to deliver promotional marketing messages to consumers. Consumers view online advertising as an unwanted distraction with few benefits and have increasingly turned to ad blocking for a variety of reasons. When software is used to do the purchasing, it is known as programmatic advertising.

It includes email marketing, search engine marketing (SEM), social media marketing, many types of display advertising (including web banner advertising), and mobile advertising. Like other advertising media, online advertising frequently involves both a publisher, who integrates advertisements into its online content and an advertiser, who provides the advertisements to be displayed on the publisher's content. Other potential participants include advertising agencies who help generate and place the ad copy, an ad server which technologically delivers the ad and tracks statistics and advertising affiliates who do independent promotional work for the advertiser.

In 2016, Internet advertising revenues in the United States surpassed those of cable television and broadcast television. In 2017, Internet advertising revenues in the United States totaled $83.0 billion, a 14% increase over the $72.50 billion in revenues in 2016.

Many common online advertising practices are controversial and increasingly subject to regulation. Online ad revenues may not adequately replace other publishers' revenue streams. Declining ad revenue has led some publishers to place their content behind paywalls.

You can also name this how to make money in 2018.


In our world today, we all love what money is able to do, everyone wants to make money.
Look at the world around you and you will know what exactly I am talking about.


I hear in Brazil men change themselves to women so that they can give their bodies out for sex just for 5$.


In Cameroon, people are ready to kill their own mother, father, friends just to make money.


There is also a service online where people are willing to do just anything for 5$.

Everyone wants to get married and make friends with rich people.


The poor are rejected and neglected.


This is where I come in. I want to also see your bank account swell.


I will be teaching you how to get rich in 2018 or how to make money in 2018 using the internet.


Yes, your every day online experience can make you rich.


Everything you see on the internet from news to chat sites is posted by people and they are making money sleeping while you are browsing.


Some of you are even buying products online.


It is about time to get into the game.

But be warned it is going to take some time, hard work and a lot of patience.


When you just dump on board many people are ready to receive your money and leave you without success.


Google offers a free blog platform known as blogger, there are also free blogger platforms like WordPress...


These are like web sites but for the fact that it is free, you do not have to pay any monthly or yearly domain fee.


So what do you want to do with blogger or WordPress?


There most be something you are good at.


How to create a blog post in 2018.


Maybe you found out how to better take care of children, your husband, wife, dogs, garden, bar, restaurant...


What you want to do with the information is seat and write an interesting article about what you have found out.


Go ahead create you a blog or WordPress and post in there.


Here comes the second phase.

How to get people to start visiting that blog.


This is the biggest topic when it comes to online marketing or digital marketing.


Then you will have to get into the most boring part of how to make money online in 2018.


We will start with SEO (search engine optimization.)


This is a method whereby you get traffic from search engines like google, yahoo, bing, Baidu...


What search engines need is what is known as keywords.


And they rank sites from a scale of 1 -10 known as pr (page rank.)


There are 2 types of keywords namely long and short tail keywords.


Example of a short tail keyword might look something like this blog traffic 2018.


Example of a long tail keyword looks like this how to get blog traffic in 2018.


It is becoming impossible to rank for just anything on the internet these days.


From big companies with huge budgets to spend on online advertisement to genius who knows how to play around the corner with the big sharks.


How do you get a keyword that ends up landing on the 1st 10 results of search engines?


Say you found out how to grow a church from 10 to 1000 members in less than a year.


Now if you get online and write an article promoting the keyword how to grow a church from 10 to 1000 members you risk not being found in the first 100 results of search engines.


This is what you want to do, you do not want to leave any slide information as to what type of church that is, location, you want to go to details your competitors have no idea about.

You might say something like this how to grow a new age church from 10 to 1000 members, how to grow a church in Frankfurt from 10 to 1000 members (Frankfurt is a city in Germany.)


So you get the picture maybe you even have better variations than I do use that power.


Try to insert as many keywords as you can in a single article but you want to keep it interesting though.


There is a reason you want to keep it interesting you need comments and social shares that will lead us to our next section about SEO known as backlinks.


If you have been following up with me then you must have already found out search engines rank sites from a scale from 1 - 10.


Now, how?


This is based on the number of sites your blog links to known as outbound links you can also do internal linking where you might refer a user to one of your former post known as inbound links.


This section will cover everything you need to know about online marketing.


Let us start with


Social Media Marketing


Here you are required to make people visit your blog based on your social media presence on facebook, twitter, Pinterest...

I will not name all of them here for you, you will have to do a google search and find them all.

Each time you create a profile on these sites with a link to your blog you get a backlink some of them are do follow example Twitter, Pinterest and some of them are no-follow example facebook.


The secret here is choose say 4 know all what people are interested in, on these social sites provide that information and be active on them and if God willing you get followers.


With Facebook, you can even create a fan page.


Guest Posting


Here you will have to write an article about your product find people that are writing about that same product and offer to write for them.


This is the most if not the most effective way of making some targeted and quality traffic back to your blog.


But it is the most difficult part of all.


Most of them will not even reply you back and are very concerned if you already run a high traffic blog.


But as the Germans will say there are good bosses and there bad ones.

There are also paid article writing sites like freelancer where website owners are ready to pay you to write an article for them.


What you want to do is not take the 2 $ most of them are willing to offer for a 450-word article but rather go behind their back and check their website traffic and if you find out they have a huge user database tell them to promote your link rather than go for the money.


Video Marketing


The most popular of them all is youtube owned by master google itself and it is a pr 9 site.
So if you place the link to your blog on youtube you get a pr 9 domain backlink known as authoritative backlinks.


To use all the advantage youtube have for your blog is to use the keyword section wisely, make sure if you create a video about what you are good at then try to use all the keyword variation I gave above.
Say you are someone that has been watching how sites rank high online.


In the keyword section of your video, you can say best ways to rank your site high on search engines, how to create backlinks that rank your site high in 2018, how to get authoritative backlinks in 2018.
Youtube also has a very interesting section where you can write everything about your video.
Make use of this.


If you create a video on how to cook delicious vegetables, try and say everything you did before the vegetable meal was that delicious.


Do not just say how to cook delicious vegetables in 2018.

If you are new try and make the videos short at most 5 minutes.


Article Marketing


Most common are ezine and article base.


Thesame rule goes here you get a backlink most if not all are do follow.


What you will be doing here is writing short articles about your product of atleast 450 words.


You have to make it very interesting and never use the I there since most of them will reject it if they see it there as self-promoting and not interesting.


Say you are writing about how to promote a local food restaurant in Frankfurt.


You want to define your restaurant, the type of food and services you have and not say my food restaurant is the best food restaurant in Frankfurt.


Blog Commenting


With this one, you will be commenting on other blogs.


Try and focus on the page rank of the blog if you ask me I will say the blog has to be at least a pr 4 blog, then you want to read through the article thoroughly and make comments accepting a fact or denying it.


Most of the time this will attract the users of the blog and even the owner.

This will land you some blog traffic and a backlink.


Forum Posting


These are sites that some particular people drop there and post questions known as threats and need people to tell them what to do.


You what to know about the difficulties people in your niche (a niche in the blogger world is what you are writing about) and have solutions for them.


Most of them will follow you to your blog and an additional advantage is that you get a backlink.


Question Answer Sites


Here the big dos are yahoo answer and Quora.


These sites have all the questions people have in the world.


Go there find your types and answer their questions.


Do not try to fool them since they will just run away from you and make sure if you have to place a link back to your site it as to be relevant to the question since most of these sites will delete irrelevant links and might even band you.


Conclusion

It is said write for the people not for search engines.


Many people online will tell you to make sure the said keyword is found in the blog post or article at least 3 times, they will even tell you where to place them, trust me do not focus on that.


I have been doing what I am doing like this since 2010 and I have seen blog post and articles with the said keyword found just once.


If people like what they are reading, they will spread the news for you and reduce the hard work of creating backlinks.


People often ask me how many backlinks do I need to get a blog ready for the world, my honest answer to them is 50 authoritative backlinks.


To tell you the truth create the blog and the said number of backlinks, leave it there and return to your regular job.


It will take some time before people start visiting the blog and if you want the money bloggers are ending asap then you are in the wrong field try that somewhere else.


Talking about money wait until you get a steady flow of at least 1000 visitors a day before you can start trying to sell anything on the blog.


Buyers will run away from you if they find out you are just trying to get their money.


First concentrate on creating an owner user experience, reply to their comments, answer their questions.


It is but a psychology stat of mind of humans to be given attention and respect.

Interstitial

An interstitial ad displays before a user can access requested content, sometimes while the user is waiting for the content to load. Interstitial ads are a form of interruption marketing.

Text ads

A text ad displays text-based hyperlinks. Text-based ads may display separately from a web page's primary content, or they can be embedded by hyperlinking individual words or phrases to advertiser's websites. Text ads may also be delivered through email marketing or text message marketing. Text-based ads often render faster than graphical ads and can be harder for ad-blocking software to block.

Search engine marketing (SEM)

Search engine marketing, or SEM, is designed to increase a website's visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs). Search engines provide sponsored results and organic (non-sponsored) results based on a web searcher's query. Search engines often employ visual cues to differentiate sponsored results from organic results. Search engine marketing includes all of an advertiser's actions to make a website's listing more prominent for topical keywords.

Search engine optimization (SEO)

Search engine optimization, or SEO, attempts to improve a website's organic search rankings in SERPs by increasing the website content's relevance to search terms. Search engines regularly update their algorithms to penalize poor quality sites that try to game their rankings, making optimization a moving target for advertisers. Many vendors offer SEO services.

Sponsored search

Sponsored search (also called sponsored links, search ads, or paid search) allows advertisers to be included in the sponsored results of a search for selected keywords. Search ads are often sold via real-time auctions, where advertisers bid on keywords. In addition to setting a maximum price per keyword, bids may include time, language, geographical, and other constraints. Search engines originally sold listings in order of highest bids. Modern search engines rank sponsored listings based on a combination of bid price, expected click-through rate, keyword relevancy and site quality.

Social media marketing

Social media marketing is commercial promotion conducted through social media websites. Many companies promote their products by posting frequent updates and providing special offers through their social media profiles.

Mobile advertising

Mobile advertising is ad copy delivered through wireless mobile devices such as smartphones, feature phones, or tablet computers. Mobile advertising may take the form of static or rich media display ads, SMS (Short Message Service) or MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) ads, mobile search ads, advertising within mobile websites, or ads within mobile applications or games (such as interstitial ads, "advergaming," or application sponsorship). Industry groups such as the Mobile Marketing Association have attempted to standardize mobile ad unit specifications, similar to the IAB's efforts for general online advertising.

Mobile advertising is growing rapidly for several reasons. There are more mobile devices in the field, connectivity speeds have improved (which, among other things, allows for richer media ads to be served quickly), screen resolutions have advanced, mobile publishers are becoming more sophisticated about incorporating ads, and consumers are using mobile devices more extensively. The Interactive Advertising Bureau predicts continued growth in mobile advertising with the adoption of location-based targeting and other technological features not available or relevant on personal computers. In July 2014 Facebook reported advertising revenue for the June 2014 quarter of $2.68 billion, an increase of 67 percent over the second quarter of 2013. Of that, mobile advertising revenue accounted for around 62 percent, an increase of 41 percent on the previous year.

Email advertising

Email advertising is ad copy comprising an entire email or a portion of an email message. Email marketing may be unsolicited, in which case the sender may give the recipient an option to opt out of future emails, or it may be sent with the recipient's prior consent (opt-in).

Chat advertising

As opposed to static messaging, chat advertising refers to real time messages dropped to users on certain sites. This is done by the usage of live chat software or tracking applications installed within certain websites with the operating personnel behind the site often dropping adverts on the traffic surfing around the sites. In reality this is a subset of the email advertising but different because of its time window.

Online classified advertising

Online classified advertising is advertising posted online in a categorical listing of specific products or services. Examples include online job boards, online real estate listings, automotive listings, online yellow pages, and online auction-based listings. Craigslist and eBay are two prominent providers of online classified listings.

Adware

Adware is software that, once installed, automatically displays advertisements on a user's computer. The ads may appear in the software itself, integrated into web pages visited by the user, or in pop-ups/pop-unders. Adware installed without the user's permission is a type of malware.

Affiliate marketing

Affiliate marketing occurs when advertisers organize third parties to generate potential customers for them. Third-party affiliates receive payment based on sales generated through their promotion. Affiliate marketers generate traffic to offers from affiliate networks, and when the desired action is taken by the visitor, the affiliate earns a commission. These desired actions can be an email submission, a phone call, filling out an online form, or an online order being completed.

Content marketing

Content marketing is any marketing that involves the creation and sharing of media and publishing content in order to acquire and retain customers. This information can be presented in a variety of formats, including blogs, news, video, white papers, e-books, infographics, case studies, how-to guides and more.

Considering that most marketing involves some form of published media, it is almost (though not entirely) redundant to call 'content marketing' anything other than simply 'marketing'. There are, of course, other forms of marketing (in-person marketing, telephone-based marketing, word of mouth marketing, etc.) where the label is more useful for identifying the type of marketing. However, even these are usually merely presenting content that they are marketing as information in a way that is different from traditional print, radio, TV, film, email, or web media.

Online marketing platform

Online marketing platform (OMP) is an integrated web-based platform that combines the benefits of a business directory, local search engine, search engine optimization (SEO) tool, customer relationship management (CRM) package and content management system (CMS). Ebay and Amazon are used as online marketing and logistics management platforms. 

On Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Pinterest, LinkedIn, and other Social Media, retail online marketing is also used. Online business marketing platforms such as Marketo, Aprimo, MarketBright and Pardot have been bought by major IT companies (Eloqua-Oracle, Neolane-Adobe and Unica-IBM).

Unlike television marketing in which Neilsen TV Ratings can be relied upon for viewing metrics, online advertisers do not have an independent party to verify viewing claims made by the big online platforms.

Compensation methods

Advertisers and publishers use a wide range of payment calculation methods. In 2012, advertisers calculated 32% of online advertising transactions on a cost-per-impression basis, 66% on customer performance (e.g. cost per click or cost per acquisition), and 2% on hybrids of impression and performance methods.

CPM (cost per mille)

Cost per mille, often abbreviated to CPM, means that advertisers pay for every thousand displays of their message to potential customers (mille is the Latin word for thousand). In the online context, ad displays are usually called "impressions." Definitions of an "impression" vary among publishers, and some impressions may not be charged because they don't represent a new exposure to an actual customer. Advertisers can use technologies such as web bugs to verify if an impression is actually delivered.

Publishers use a variety of techniques to increase page views, such as dividing content across multiple pages, repurposing someone else's content, using sensational titles, or publishing tabloid or sexual content.

CPM advertising is susceptible to "impression fraud," and advertisers who want visitors to their sites may not find per-impression payments a good proxy for the results they desire.

CPC (cost per click)

CPC (Cost Per Click) or PPC (Pay per click) means advertisers pay each time a user clicks on the ad. CPC advertising works well when advertisers want visitors to their sites, but it's a less accurate measurement for advertisers looking to build brand awareness. CPC's market share has grown each year since its introduction, eclipsing CPM to dominate two-thirds of all online advertising compensation methods.

Like impressions, not all recorded clicks are valuable to advertisers. GoldSpot Media reported that up to 50% of clicks on static mobile banner ads are accidental and resulted in redirected visitors leaving the new site immediately.

CPE (cost per engagement)

Cost per engagement aims to track not just that an ad unit loaded on the page (i.e., an impression was served), but also that the viewer actually saw and/or interacted with the ad.

CPV (cost per view)

Cost per view video advertising. Both Google and TubeMogul endorsed this standardized CPV metric to the IAB's (Interactive Advertising Bureau) Digital Video Committee, and it's garnering a notable amount of industry support. CPV is the primary benchmark used in YouTube Advertising Campaigns, as part of Google's AdWords platform.

CPI (cost per install)

The CPI compensation method is specific to mobile applications and mobile advertising. In CPI ad campaigns brands are charged a fixed of bid rate only when the application was installed.

Attribution of ad value

In marketing, "attribution" is the measurement of effectiveness of particular ads in a consumer's ultimate decision to purchase. Multiple ad impressions may lead to a consumer "click" or other action. A single action may lead to revenue being paid to multiple ad space sellers.

Other performance-based compensation

CPA (Cost Per Action or Cost Per Acquisition) or PPP (Pay Per Performance) advertising means the advertiser pays for the number of users who perform a desired activity, such as completing a purchase or filling out a registration form. Performance-based compensation can also incorporate revenue sharing, where publishers earn a percentage of the advertiser's profits made as a result of the ad. Performance-based compensation shifts the risk of failed advertising onto publishers.

Fixed cost

Fixed cost compensation means advertisers pay a fixed cost for delivery of ads online, usually over a specified time period, irrespective of the ad's visibility or users' response to it. One examples is CPD (cost per day) where advertisers pay a fixed cost for publishing an ad for a day irrespective of impressions served or clicks.

Benefits of online advertising

Cost

The low costs of electronic communication reduce the cost of displaying online advertisements compared to offline ads. Online advertising, and in particular social media, provides a low-cost means for advertisers to engage with large established communities. Advertising online offers better returns than in other media.

Measurability

Online advertisers can collect data on their ads' effectiveness, such as the size of the potential audience or actual audience response, how a visitor reached their advertisement, whether the advertisement resulted in a sale, and whether an ad actually loaded within a visitor's view. This helps online advertisers improve their ad campaigns over time.

Formatting

Advertisers have a wide variety of ways of presenting their promotional messages, including the ability to convey images, video, audio, and links. Unlike many offline ads, online ads also can be interactive. For example, some ads let users input queries or let users follow the advertiser on social media. Online ads can even incorporate games.

Targeting

Publishers can offer advertisers the ability to reach customizable and narrow market segments for targeted advertising. Online advertising may use geo-targeting to display relevant advertisements to the user's geography. Advertisers can customize each individual ad to a particular user based on the user's previous preferences. Advertisers can also track whether a visitor has already seen a particular ad in order to reduce unwanted repetitious exposures and provide adequate time gaps between exposures.

Coverage

Online advertising can reach nearly every global market, and online advertising influences offline sales.

Speed

Once ad design is complete, online ads can be deployed immediately. The delivery of online ads does not need to be linked to the publisher's publication schedule. Furthermore, online advertisers can modify or replace ad copy more rapidly than their offline counterparts.

Concerns

Security concerns

According to a US Senate investigation, the current state of online advertising endangers the security and privacy of users.

Banner blindness

Eye-tracking studies have shown that Internet users often ignore web page zones likely to contain display ads (sometimes called "banner blindness"), and this problem is worse online than in offline media. On the other hand, studies suggest that even those ads "ignored" by the users may influence the user subconsciously.

Fraud on the advertiser

There are numerous ways that advertisers can be overcharged for their advertising. For example, click fraud occurs when a publisher or third parties click (manually or through automated means) on a CPC ad with no legitimate buying intent. For example, click fraud can occur when a competitor clicks on ads to deplete its rival's advertising budget, or when publishers attempt to manufacture revenue.

Click fraud is especially associated with pornography sites. In 2011, certain scamming porn websites launched dozens of hidden pages on each visitor's computer, forcing the visitor's computer to click on hundreds of paid links without the visitor's knowledge.

As with offline publications, online impression fraud can occur when publishers overstate the number of ad impressions they have delivered to their advertisers. To combat impression fraud, several publishing and advertising industry associations are developing ways to count online impressions credibly.

Technological variations

Heterogeneous clients

Because users have different operating systems, web browsers and computer hardware (including mobile devices and different screen sizes), online ads may appear to users differently from how the advertiser intended, or the ads may not display properly at all. A 2012 comScore study revealed that, on average, 31% of ads were not "in-view" when rendered, meaning they never had an opportunity to be seen. Rich media ads create even greater compatibility problems, as some developers may use competing (and exclusive) software to render the ads (see e.g. Comparison of HTML 5 and Flash).

Furthermore, advertisers may encounter legal problems if legally required information doesn't actually display to users, even if that failure is due to technological heterogeneity. In the United States, the FTC has released a set of guidelines indicating that it's the advertisers' responsibility to ensure the ads display any required disclosures or disclaimers, irrespective of the users' technology.

Ad blocking

Ad blocking, or ad filtering, means the ads do not appear to the user because the user uses technology to screen out ads. Many browsers block unsolicited pop-up ads by default. Other software programs or browser add-ons may also block the loading of ads, or block elements on a page with behaviors characteristic of ads (e.g. HTML autoplay of both audio and video). Approximately 9% of all online page views come from browsers with ad-blocking software installed, and some publishers have 40%+ of their visitors using ad-blockers.

Anti-targeting technologies

Some web browsers offer privacy modes where users can hide information about themselves from publishers and advertisers. Among other consequences, advertisers can't use cookies to serve targeted ads to private browsers. Most major browsers have incorporated Do Not Track options into their browser headers, but the regulations currently are only enforced by the honor system.

Privacy concerns

The collection of user information by publishers and advertisers has raised consumer concerns about their privacy. Sixty percent of Internet users would use Do Not Track technology to block all collection of information if given an opportunity. Over half of all Google and Facebook users are concerned about their privacy when using Google and Facebook, according to Gallup.

Many consumers have reservations about online behavioral targeting. By tracking users' online activities, advertisers are able to understand consumers quite well. Advertisers often use technology, such as web bugs and respawning cookies, to maximizing their abilities to track consumers. According to a 2011 survey conducted by Harris Interactive, over half of Internet users had a negative impression of online behavioral advertising, and forty percent feared that their personally-identifiable information had been shared with advertisers without their consent. Consumers can be especially troubled by advertisers targeting them based on sensitive information, such as financial or health status. Furthermore, some advertisers attach the MAC address of users' devices to their 'demographic profiles' so they can be retargeted (regardless of the accuracy of the profile) even if the user clears their cookies and browsing history.

Trustworthiness of advertisers

Scammers can take advantage of consumers' difficulties verifying an online persona's identity, leading to artifices like phishing (where scam emails look identical to those from a well-known brand owner) and confidence schemes like the Nigerian "419" scam. The Internet Crime Complaint Center received 289,874 complaints in 2012, totaling over half a billion dollars in losses, most of which originated with scam ads.

Consumers also face malware risks, i.e. malvertising, when interacting with online advertising. Cisco's 2013 Annual Security Report revealed that clicking on ads was 182 times more likely to install a virus on a user's computer than surfing the Internet for porn. For example, in August 2014 Yahoo's advertising network reportedly saw cases of infection of a variant of Cryptolocker ransomware.

Spam

The Internet's low cost of disseminating advertising contributes to spam, especially by large-scale spammers. Numerous efforts have been undertaken to combat spam, ranging from blacklists to regulatorily-required labeling to content filters, but most of those efforts have adverse collateral effects, such as mistaken filtering.

Regulation

In general, consumer protection laws apply equally to online and offline activities. However, there are questions over which jurisdiction's laws apply and which regulatory agencies have enforcement authority over transborder activity.

As with offline advertising, industry participants have undertaken numerous efforts to self-regulate and develop industry standards or codes of conduct. Several United States advertising industry organizations jointly published Self-Regulatory Principles for Online Behavioral Advertising based on standards proposed by the FTC in 2009. European ad associations published a similar document in 2011. Primary tenets of both documents include consumer control of data transfer to third parties, data security, and consent for collection of certain health and financial data. Neither framework, however, penalizes violators of the codes of conduct.

Privacy and data collection

Privacy regulation can require users' consent before an advertiser can track the user or communicate with the user. However, affirmative consent ("opt in") can be difficult and expensive to obtain. Industry participants often prefer other regulatory schemes.

Different jurisdictions have taken different approaches to privacy issues with advertising. The United States has specific restrictions on online tracking of children in the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), and the FTC has recently expanded its interpretation of COPPA to include requiring ad networks to obtain parental consent before knowingly tracking kids. Otherwise, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission frequently supports industry self-regulation, although increasingly it has been undertaking enforcement actions related to online privacy and security. The FTC has also been pushing for industry consensus about possible Do Not Track legislation.

In contrast, the European Union's "Privacy and Electronic Communications Directive" restricts websites' ability to use consumer data much more comprehensively. The EU limitations restrict targeting by online advertisers; researchers have estimated online advertising effectiveness decreases on average by around 65% in Europe relative to the rest of the world.

Delivery methods

Many laws specifically regulate the ways online ads are delivered. For example, online advertising delivered via email is more regulated than the same ad content delivered via banner ads. Among other restrictions, the U.S. CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 requires that any commercial email provide an opt-out mechanism. Similarly, mobile advertising is governed by the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (TCPA), which (among other restrictions) requires user opt-in before sending advertising via text messaging.